EEnglish Corner

Giving Instructions and Explanations (Contoh Ungkapan Memberikan Perintah dan Penjelasan)

Hello, everyone? How’s everything? I hope everything is okay. In this lesson, you are going to learn about giving instruction and explanations. Are you ready?

In daily life, we sometimes need to give instructions and explanations. Pernahkan kalian memberikan perintah atau penjelasan kepada orang lain? Untuk kalian melakukan itu? Apa yang kamu ucapkan saat memberikan perintah atau penjelasan? Dalam kesempatan ini, saya akan mencoba mengupas tentang apa dan bagaimana memberikan perintah dan penjelasan.

Giving Instructions

Giving instruction adalah ungkapan yang digunakan ketika seseorang memberikan perintah. Giving instructions dapat berupa perintah untuk melakukan sesuatu (giving instruction)  atau sebaliknya perintah agar seseorang tidak melakukan sesuatu atau larangan (prohibition).

Terdapat dua cara untuk mengungkapkan perintah. Pertama, menggunakan kata kerja. Kedua, tanpa menggunakan kata kerja. Pay attention to the following examples. Perhatikan dua contoh kalimat berikut, ya.

  1. Click the icon.
  2. Be careful.

Jika kalian perhatikan dengan seksama, terdapat perbedaan dari dua kalimat di atas. Dapatkan kalian menemukan perbedaannya? Coba terlebih dahulu kalian menjawab pertanyaan berikut.

  1. Pada kalimat nomor berapa kalian menemukan kata kerja?
  2. Apakah kata kerja yang digunakan dalam kalimat tersebut dalam bentuk pertama?
  3. Pada kalimat nomor berapa kalian tidak menemukan kata kerja?
  4. Careful termasuk jenis kata apa?

Mari kita cari tahu jawabannya.

Pada kalimat nomor 1, pada kalimat perintah tersebut terdapat kata kerja, yaitu click. Kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris disebut verb. Kalau dilihat dari bentuk kata kerjanya, kalimat perintah menggunakan kata kerja bentuk pertama atau biasanya dikenal dengan verb 1. Oh iya, kalian harus tahu kalau kalimat perintah dalam bahasa Inggris tidak diakhiri dengan tanda seru (!) seperti dalam bahasa Indonesia, tetapi diakhiri dengan tanda titik (.)

Pada kalimat nomor 2, kalimat  tersebut tidak menggunakan kata kerja. Careful termasuk kata sifat atau dalam bahasa Inggrisnya disebut adjective. Untuk membuat kalimat perintah yang tidak menggunakan kata kerja, kalian memerlukan kata ‘be’ sebelum kata sifat yang mengikutinya. Kalian juga harus tahu kalau kalimat perintah juga dapat menggunakan  frase kata benda  (noun phrase). Perhatikan frase kata benda yang dicetak tebal pada dua contoh kalimat berikut.

  1. Be a good boy
  2. Be an honest person.

Kedua jenis kalimat perintah di atas disebut kalimat perintah langsung. Dalam bahasa Inggris, kalimat perintah langsung disebut sebagai kalimat imperative.

Giving explanations

Giving explanations adalah ungkapan yang digunakan ketika memberikan penjelasan. Giving explanations dapat berupa kalimat perintah (instructions) langsung maupun tidak langsung. Namun, orang Inggris tidak suka diperintah secara langsung sehingga pada umumnya orang Inggris menyampaikan perintah dalam bentuk kalimat perintah tidak langsung dengan menggunakan modal.

Modal yang biasanya digunakan dalam memberikan kalimat perintah tidak langsung ketika menjelaskan sesuatu antara lain can, must, have to, should, may. Berikut contoh kalimat perintah tidak langsung yang digunakan saat menjelaskan bagaimana melakukan sesuatu.

  1. You can click the icon.
  2. You have to click the icon.

Pada saat memberikan penjelasan, kalian dapat menggunakan kata hubung untuk memudahkan orang lain memehami penjelasan. Berikut adalah contoh kata hubung yang sering digunakan ketika memebrikan penjelasan.

  1. Then
  2. Next
  3. After that
  4. First, second, third … (so on)
  5. Firstly, secondly, thirdly, …. (so on)
  6. Lastly/ finally …

Sepertinya pelajaran pada kesempatan ini sampai di sini dulu, ya. Hope it can help you learn English better. Thank you and see you.

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